control flow

Conditionals, loops, match/case, flow modifiers.

functions

Function creation, args/kwargs, lambda, scope.

Type annotations, typing module, mypy, static checks.

Classes, dunder methods, inheritance, polymorphism.

Custom and built-in decorators, real-world use.

Generator functions, expressions, lazy iteration.

`with` statements, `__enter__`, `__exit__`, contextlib.

Try/except, raising errors, custom exceptions.

Lists, dicts, sets, tuples, mutability, performance.

Collections, itertools, functools, datetime, etc.

f-strings, formatting, regex, string parsing.

Reading/writing files, CSV, JSON, file streams.

unittest, pytest, mocks, test design.

pdb, logging, tracing, breakpoints, tools.

Profiling, timeit, algorithm efficiency.